Arguments
array- The range of cells to index into.row_num- The row position within the array.column_num(optional) - The column position within the array (for 2-D ranges).
INDEX
Returns the value at a given row (and optional column) position within a range.
Syntax
=INDEX(array, row_num, [column_num])=INDEX(B2:B100, 5)Returns: The 5th value in B2:B100
One-dimensional lookup by position.
=INDEX(B2:B100, MATCH(A2, C2:C100, 0))Returns: The B value on the row where C equals A2
Paired with MATCH, this is the flexible left-or-right lookup that predates XLOOKUP.
Common Errors and Gotchas
- #REF! means the row or column number is larger than the array.
- INDEX alone needs a hard-coded position - combine it with MATCH to look up dynamically.
Does INDEX Work in Google Sheets?
Yes. INDEX uses the same syntax in Google Sheets and LibreOffice Calc, so you can paste these formulas straight across.
Build a INDEX formula
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